The Protection of Sovereignty Bill 2026 in Uganda has drawn sharp criticism from opposition figures, human rights organizations, and legal experts. The bill proposes harsh penalties, including up to 20 years in prison for promoting 'foreign interests', and imposes significant restrictions on organizations receiving foreign funding. Critics, including Joel Ssenyonyi (leader of the opposition), argue that this legislation mirrors authoritarian laws in countries like Russia and China, aiming to suppress civil society and dissent. The bill is being fast-tracked through parliament, with discussions expected to conclude before the presidential swearing-in on 12 May. Key provisions include a cap on foreign financial assistance over 400 million Ugandan shillings (approximately £79,000) within a year and the ability for authorities to inspect premises and access documents. The World Bank has expressed concerns that the bill could criminalize routine development activities, jeopardizing Uganda's reliance on foreign funding for health, education, and civil society initiatives. Despite the backlash, President Yoweri Museveni has defended the bill, asserting it is necessary for national sovereignty and independence, dismissing concerns as 'noise'. Critics warn that the bill represents a constitutional coup, undermining the rights of Ugandans and threatening the country's economic stability.