Ancient Yeast from 5,300-Year-Old Mummy Used to Bake Sourdough Bread
Scientists bake bread with yeast from 5,300-year-old mummy

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Researchers in Italy have successfully baked sourdough bread using yeast extracted from the 5,300-year-old mummy known as Otzi the Iceman. This ancient yeast, discovered to be cold-resistant, may have future applications in brewing beer and improving fermentation processes in the food industry.
- 01Yeast strains were harvested from Otzi the Iceman, found in the Italian Alps in 1991.
- 02The yeast adapted to a dough environment after two weeks of being fed flour.
- 03These cold-resistant yeasts could enable fermentation at low temperatures, saving energy.
- 04The mummy's microbiome includes microorganisms from his life and those introduced posthumously.
- 05Future experiments may explore brewing beer with the ancient yeast.
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Researchers at Eurac Research in Italy have baked sourdough bread using yeast from the 5,300-year-old mummy known as Otzi the Iceman. Discovered in the Italian Alps in 1991, Otzi's remains provided several strains of cold-resistant yeast, which were found on his skin and in his digestive tract. Microbiologist Mohamed Sarhan noted that initial experiments yielded promising results, with the yeast adapting to a dough environment after about two weeks of being fed flour. The cold-adapted yeast strains could revolutionize the food industry by allowing fermentation at refrigerator temperatures, thus saving energy during transportation. While bread is a primary application being explored, discussions are also underway about brewing beer with the ancient yeast. The study highlights the mummy's complex microbiome, which includes microorganisms from Otzi's lifetime, those that colonized post-death, and modern microbes introduced during preservation. This research follows other notable revivals of ancient organisms, including a female roundworm that was dormant for 46,000 years in Siberia's permafrost.
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The discovery of ancient yeast could enhance local food production methods and energy efficiency in fermentation processes.
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