Since taking office in 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi's government has prioritized counter-intelligence (CI) to address the growing threats of terrorism and espionage from foreign actors, particularly Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), Chinese intelligence, and Bangladeshi terror networks. Under the leadership of Home Minister Amit Shah, the Indian security establishment has intensified efforts to dismantle foreign intelligence networks operating within the country. The National Investigation Agency (NIA) has emerged as a key player, boasting a 95% conviction rate under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA). Recent operations have led to significant arrests, including a covert military training network involving seven individuals from the USA and Ukraine, and a Nepali-origin ISI agent arrested for stealing classified Indian Army documents. The Indo-Nepal border has been identified as a critical entry point for espionage activities, with multiple arrests of Chinese nationals attempting to infiltrate India using fake identities. Despite these advancements, the threat landscape remains complex, with foreign intelligence agencies continually adapting their strategies. India's counter-intelligence agencies are now more capable and better connected internationally, but they face ongoing challenges from increasingly sophisticated espionage tactics.