In a significant ruling, the Supreme Court of India stated that the existing legal framework is sufficient to combat hate speech, asserting that the responsibility for creating criminal offenses lies with the legislature. The bench, comprising Justices Vikram Nath and Sandeep Mehta, noted that the concerns regarding hate speech stem from implementation issues rather than a lack of laws. They emphasized that while constitutional courts can interpret laws and ensure the enforcement of fundamental rights, they cannot legislate. The court referenced the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) and the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, highlighting the mandatory duty of police to register First Information Reports (FIRs) for cognizable offenses. The ruling came amidst multiple petitions addressing incidents of hate speech, with the court previously directing state governments and Union Territories to take proactive measures against communal hatred and offensive speeches. The court concluded that it is up to legislative authorities to consider any further legislative or policy actions in response to evolving societal challenges.