Since December 2025, Iran has faced intermittent internet connectivity due to protests and military actions, particularly following joint strikes by the US and Israel. To combat the communication blockade, a smuggling network has emerged, delivering Starlink devices to help Iranians bypass government restrictions. An individual known as Sahand, operating outside Iran, has reportedly sent a dozen devices since January and is actively seeking more. As of January, around 50,000 Starlink devices were in Iran, a figure expected to increase. The Iranian government has historically imposed strict internet controls, banning Starlink and arresting users of illegal virtual private networks (VPNs). The ongoing internet blackout is estimated to cost the Iranian economy $80 million daily, creating a rift between the military and civilian leadership over internet access. While the government has begun allowing limited access for certain professions, security officials maintain that internet restrictions are necessary to prevent anti-government activities.