The bandit crisis in Nigeria, particularly in the north-western region, has spiraled out of control since 2011, with armed groups, predominantly ethnic Fulani herders, wreaking havoc across unpoliced territories. Abu Bello, a notorious gang leader, claims that his group is merely trying to support their families amidst conflicts over land and resources, which have been intensified by climate change and rapid population growth. The crisis has resulted in over 13,485 deaths across seven states from 2010 to 2023, as reported by the conflict monitor Acled. The absence of effective state authority has allowed these gangs to operate with impunity, often engaging in violent kidnappings and cattle rustling. In a notable incident, 25 schoolgirls were abducted in November 2025 by bandit leader Ado Aleru to pressure the government for the release of his detained relatives. As communities grow weary of ineffective government responses, some have resorted to negotiating truces with gangs, leading to arrangements where gang members can operate freely in exchange for peace. The situation raises concerns about the potential for further violence and the blurring of lines between banditry and jihadism.