Eye strokes, also known as retinal artery or vein occlusion, occur when the blood supply to the retina is blocked, potentially leading to rapid vision loss. This condition is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention. The retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, relies on a consistent supply of oxygen and nutrients from blood vessels. When these vessels are obstructed, retinal cells can be damaged, often due to blood clots, fatty deposits, or pressure on the vessels. Eye strokes are more prevalent in older adults and those with underlying health conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetes. There are two main types of eye strokes: retinal artery occlusion (RAO), which includes central and branch occlusions, and retinal vein occlusion (RVO), which also has central and branch types. Symptoms typically appear suddenly and can include blurred vision, dark spots, or a shadow over the visual field. Risk factors include age, smoking, and various health conditions that affect blood flow. Preventative measures such as regular health check-ups, a nutritious diet, and physical activity are essential for maintaining eye health.