In 2025, the Jewish community in Belgium was the primary target of extremist threats, according to the Coordination Unit for Threat Analysis (OCAD). While the total number of threat reports decreased, Islamist extremism remained the largest threat category, accounting for 39% of reports. Right-wing extremist threats doubled, reflecting a concerning trend.

• 01The Jewish community was the most frequently targeted group for extremist threats in Belgium in 2025.
• 02Islamist extremism accounted for 39% of all extremist threat reports, despite a decrease in total reports from 213 in 2024 to 157 in 2025.
• 03Reports of right-wing extremist threats doubled from around 10 to about 20, indicating a rise in low-intensity violence linked to nationalist and anti-immigration ideologies.
• 04Approximately 24% of threat reports were related to foreign affairs, including tensions involving Diaspora communities.
• 05Left-wing extremist activities increased due to mobilization around the Gaza conflict, leading to vandalism against entities associated with Israel.

The rise in extremist threats, particularly against the Jewish community and the doubling of right-wing extremist reports, raises concerns about community safety and social cohesion in Belgium.