A three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of International Trade is deliberating the legality of President Donald Trump's 10 percent global tariffs imposed in February. This scrutiny follows a Supreme Court decision that struck down broader tariffs previously enacted by Trump. The judges are grappling with whether Trump appropriately invoked the 1974 Trade Act, which permits temporary tariffs to address a 'large and serious' balance-of-payments deficit. Opponents, including attorneys representing small businesses and Democratic-led states, argue that the statute was designed for narrower issues related to currency exchange and is outdated in today's economic context. They contend that the current trade deficits do not constitute a valid justification for the tariffs. The tariffs are set to expire in July 2023 unless Congress acts to extend them. The hearing revealed significant confusion over the interpretation of the law, with discussions highlighting the evolution of the international financial system since the 1970s. The outcome of this case could have profound implications for Trump's economic agenda, especially after the Supreme Court's recent ruling limiting his tariff powers.