In an effort to tackle the significant backlog of judicial cases in India, the Centre has directed state governments to prioritize mediation for resolving cheque bounce and land acquisition disputes. Currently, there are over 8 million pending cheque bounce cases, with the Allahabad High Court alone accounting for more than 3.25 million of these. The initiative, part of the Mediation for Nation 2.0 campaign launched in January, aims to expedite case resolutions and alleviate court congestion by enabling parties to reach mutual agreements without lengthy hearings. However, legal experts caution that the success of this initiative hinges on clear authority structures and safeguards for state officials involved in the mediation process. They emphasize the need for guidance to ensure that state authorities can negotiate settlements effectively, avoiding potential legal challenges. The campaign also seeks to address land acquisition disputes, which often leave affected landowners in prolonged uncertainty. By deploying trained mediators and enhancing mediation infrastructure, the government hopes to facilitate quicker resolutions and reduce the overall number of pending cases in the judiciary.