The United States and Iran are moving towards a second round of negotiations focused on a 'grand bargain' that aims to resolve longstanding hostilities stemming from the 1979 Islamic Revolution. This ambitious proposal seeks to limit Iran’s nuclear program in exchange for comprehensive economic normalization, including the lifting of sanctions and reintegration into global markets. However, deep-seated mistrust remains, highlighted by conflicting signals from both sides regarding participation and concessions. The negotiations will require a carefully sequenced approach, balancing sanctions relief with compliance on Iran's part. Internal divisions within both Washington and Tehran complicate the process, as powerful factions could derail progress. Despite these challenges, the ongoing dialogue represents a potential shift from decades of confrontation, suggesting that both nations recognize the limits of their current strategies and are willing to explore a more comprehensive resolution.