On May 12, 2023, the Supreme Court of India ruled that Rajasthan must recognize Rajasthani as a local language for educational purposes, addressing the challenges faced by children who speak various Rajasthani dialects at home. The court highlighted that the ability to understand instruction in one's own language is essential for meaningful participation in society. The ruling emerged from a petition seeking to include Rajasthani in the Grade III teacher recruitment examination syllabus and to mandate its use in primary education. The court found that the state's argument against including Rajasthani was inadequate, as it sidestepped constitutional obligations under Article 350A, which requires states to provide education in the mother tongue for linguistic minorities. The Supreme Court criticized the inconsistency in Rajasthan's educational policies, noting that other languages like Gujarati and Punjabi were included while Rajasthani was not. The court emphasized that education in a language children understand is a fundamental right, linking it to the right to free speech and expression. It directed the state to develop a comprehensive policy for mother tongue-based education, aligning with the National Education Policy 2020, and to progressively introduce Rajasthani as both a medium of instruction and a subject in schools across the state.