NASA has unveiled a bold initiative to establish a permanent human presence on the Moon, detailed in the recently published Moon Base User's Guide. The plan includes 73 landings, with a goal to support a $20 billion lunar base by 2028. This ambitious project is divided into three phases: the first phase, running through 2029, involves 25 launches and 21 landings to ensure reliable access to the Moon. The second phase, from 2029 to 2032, will see 27 launches and 24 landings, introducing occasional crew missions. The final phase will focus on maintaining a permanent presence, requiring additional launches and the development of cargo-return systems. The base will be situated near the Moon’s south pole, presenting challenges such as low solar power generation due to long shadows and extreme temperatures. Moreover, critical technologies for safe landing and long-term human survival on the Moon remain underdeveloped. As NASA races against time, it faces competition from other nations, particularly China, which has plans for lunar exploration by 2030. Budgetary concerns and the escalating costs of the Artemis program, which have reached $100 billion, further complicate the mission's outlook.