A team of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has developed a sustainable method for extracting lithium from hard rock, as detailed in a recent study published in the journal Science. This innovative process chemically separates spodumene, a lithium-bearing mineral, into lithium, aluminum, and silicon using ammonium fluoride, thus eliminating the need for traditional, high-temperature roasting that generates carbon emissions. The new method successfully recovers over 95% of lithium from various spodumene sources and operates in a closed-loop system that recycles chemicals, reducing waste. The researchers believe that this approach could significantly lower the costs and environmental impacts associated with lithium mining, which is essential for the growing clean energy sector. The process also aligns with renewable energy integration, as many lithium mining sites are located near solar and wind resources. To further develop this technology, the team has founded a spinout company named Rock Zero to conduct pilot demonstrations.