India and Russia have formalized a significant military agreement, the Indo-Russian Reciprocal Exchange of Logistics Agreement (RELOS), allowing the deployment of 3,000 troops, five warships, and ten aircraft in each other's territories. This pact, which came into effect on January 12, 2026, follows its ratification by the Russian Parliament in December 2025. The agreement aims to bolster long-term military cooperation, particularly in servicing Russian-origin military equipment and facilitating longer deployments overseas. It also encompasses joint military exercises, training, and humanitarian missions. Notably, the RELOS pact regulates logistics support, covering essential services such as port access, repair services, air traffic control, and the provision of aviation fuel and other resources. This agreement is particularly relevant amid ongoing conflicts in West Asia and Ukraine, enhancing defense collaboration in the Indo-Pacific and Arctic regions while improving interoperability between the armed forces of both nations.