The Iran War commenced on February 28, 2023, following the assassination of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamenei in a joint US-Israeli strike. This event triggered widespread military conflict, with Iran retaliating against US allies and threatening all US targets in the Middle East. Amidst the chaos, the Trump administration attempted to revive diplomatic efforts, proposing various terms for negotiations, including dismantling Iran's nuclear program and limiting its missile capabilities. However, Iran consistently rejected these proposals, emphasizing its commitment to its military programs.

In late March, Pakistani mediators relayed a 15-point proposal from the US, which Iran also declined. The situation escalated, leading to a 45-day ceasefire offer on April 6, which Iran dismissed in favor of seeking a permanent resolution. High-level talks resumed in Islamabad on April 11, but yielded no significant progress. By late May, negotiations appeared to be nearing completion, with reports indicating a deal was largely negotiated. The conflict highlighted Iran's ongoing internal strife due to economic collapse and public protests against its regime.