The Backbone of Global Internet Traffic: Undersea Cables vs. Satellites
Almost all of the world’s internet traffic does not travel by satellite but through fibre-optic cables lying on the ocean floor, a hidden web of wires crossing the deepest parts of the sea to connect the continents.
Maketecheasier
Image: Maketecheasier
Approximately 95 to 99 percent of international internet traffic travels through undersea fibre-optic cables rather than satellites. While satellites are visible and growing in number, they handle only a small fraction of data due to limitations in capacity and speed. The undersea cable network remains critical for intercontinental communication.
- 01Fibre-optic cables on the ocean floor carry 95 to 99 percent of international traffic, while satellites handle a negligible fraction.
- 02As of 2025, there are around 570 submarine cable systems in operation, with over a million kilometers of cables laid.
- 03Modern undersea cables can carry hundreds of terabits of data per second, significantly outperforming satellite capacity.
- 04The rise of low Earth orbit satellites, like SpaceX’s Starlink, enhances connectivity but does not replace the capacity of undersea cables.
- 05Most internet traffic remains local, with only international communications relying heavily on submarine cables.
Advertisement
In-Article Ad
The majority of global internet traffic, specifically international data, is transmitted via a network of fibre-optic cables located on the ocean floor, accounting for approximately 95 to 99 percent of this traffic. In contrast, satellites, despite their visibility, only manage a small portion of data transfers. This distinction is crucial as it highlights that much of the internet's daily usage, such as streaming and browsing, occurs locally and does not involve undersea cables. The physical cables, which are thinner than commonly perceived, span over a million kilometers and are subject to routine damage, primarily from fishing activities. While the emergence of low Earth orbit satellites like SpaceX's Starlink is changing the landscape of internet connectivity, particularly in remote areas, they still cannot match the capacity and speed of undersea cables. The future of internet infrastructure appears to be a hybrid model that leverages both undersea cables and satellite technology to enhance global connectivity.
Advertisement
In-Article Ad
Advertisement
In-Article Ad
Reader Poll
What do you think is the future of internet connectivity?
Connecting to poll...
Read the original article
Visit the source for the complete story.



