AI policy groups are urging the House and Senate Armed Services Committees to incorporate safeguards into the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) regarding the military's use of lethal autonomous weapons. In a letter, organizations like Americans for Responsible Innovation emphasized the need for human oversight in life-and-death decisions, echoing concerns raised by Vice President J.D. Vance. They argue that current federal laws do not adequately restrict AI-enabled weapons from operating autonomously. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand plans to introduce amendments that would prevent AI from being used in launching nuclear weapons and surveilling Americans, while Senator Elissa Slotkin aims to introduce her AI Guardrails Act to ensure human involvement in critical military decisions. The Pentagon's lack of clear regulations has raised alarms about potential misuse of AI technologies. The situation is further complicated by a public dispute between the Pentagon and AI company Anthropic over the terms of AI technology use. The groups warn that without Congressional action, regulations may be dictated by defense contractors and technology firms, potentially leading to civilian casualties and unchecked military escalation.