Victor Hugo, one of France's most celebrated literary figures, is renowned for his exploration of social justice and inequality. His famous quote, ‘The paradise of the rich is made out of the hell of the poor,’ encapsulates his critique of economic disparity. Hugo's literary masterpieces, such as Les Misérables and The Hunchback of Notre Dame, highlight the struggles faced by marginalized individuals, emphasizing that the comfort of the wealthy often comes at the cost of the poor's suffering. Living during a time of significant political upheaval in France, Hugo witnessed firsthand the stark class divisions exacerbated by industrialization. His works serve as a call to action, urging society to reflect on the systems that perpetuate inequality and to foster compassion and social responsibility. Ultimately, Hugo's message remains relevant today, reminding us that true progress should not come at the expense of human dignity.