The Ministry of Coal in India has officially notified the Coal Exchange Rules, 2026, which aim to modernize the coal supply chain and establish Coal Exchanges across the country. This initiative follows the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2025, which allows the Central Government to foster transparent trading of minerals, including coal. The Coal Controller Organisation (CCO) has been designated as the regulatory authority responsible for overseeing these exchanges. The new rules will enable eligible entities to establish and operate Coal Exchanges, which will facilitate a shift from the traditional 'one-to-many' sales model to a competitive 'many-to-many' trading platform. This transition is expected to enhance price discovery, improve efficiency, and provide coal producers with broader access to buyers. The initiative reflects the government's commitment to enhancing the ease of doing business and building a self-reliant energy ecosystem, ultimately contributing to energy security and sustainable economic development.