A recent United Nations report highlights severe human rights abuses committed by Hamas in Gaza, including the execution and torture of Palestinians, which are classified as war crimes. The UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights documented 249 cases of extrajudicial punishment from August 2024 to January 2026, with nearly one-fourth involving Hamas-affiliated operatives and police units, leading to 108 deaths. The report describes brutal methods such as public executions, kneecapping, and beatings, often justified by accusations of collaboration with Israel or other crimes. Notably, these acts were carried out without judicial oversight, reflecting a systematic approach to instill fear among the populace. The report also notes that these abuses have occurred in a context of destruction and instability exacerbated by Israeli military actions. Furthermore, it criticizes the rising violence from Israeli settlers in the West Bank, linking it to broader Israeli state policies aimed at entrenching settlements and displacing Palestinians. The situation continues to evolve amid ongoing tensions in the region.